Guidebook for African Americans and Mental Health

Jonathan Wolfe   Psychiatric News   |   May 04, 2012 
 

A new guidebook and DVD for African Americans with mental health concerns provides educational material while addressing the still-pervasive stigma that often keeps people from seeking treatment.

While emotional strength and determination have enabled many members of the black community to overcome great adversity throughout history, African Americans are still just as likely to suffer from a mental illness as white Americans.

This is just one of the facts highlighted in Mental Health: A Guide for African Americans and Their Families, a new free public-education tool developed by APA in partnership with the African Methodist Episcopal Church.

Composed of a 35-page guidebook and a DVD, the culturally tailored consumer-oriented program focuses on the unique experience of a community in which racism, discrimination, poverty, and lack of health insurance may limit access to effective mental health treatment.

The guidebook notes, for example, that African Americans are more likely than those of other races or ethnicities to visit a health care clinician with complaints of physical symptoms that are actually the manifestation of an untreated mental illness.

And negative associations with mental illness may also pose a barrier to members of the black community seeking mental health care, according to the guidebook, with one study finding that African Americans are much less willing than white Americans to take medication for a mental illness.

“The stigma is real in the African-American community when it comes to mental illness,” says former U.S. Surgeon General David Satcher, M.D., Ph.D., now director of the Satcher Health Leadership Institute at the Morehouse School of Medicine, in the guidebook’s 22-minute companion DVD. “The good news is that we now know so much more about mental illness than we did before.”

Also providing commentary on the DVD about the different types of mental illness and how best to treat them are Tracee Burroughs, M.D., of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine’s Department of Psychiatry, and Michael Torres, M.D., medical director of Universal Counseling Services Inc. in Baltimore and president of the Center for the Integration of Spirituality and Mental Health.

In addition, the DVD features several African Americans speaking about their experiences with depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

The guidebook and DVD also highlight the role that spirituality and “pastoral counseling” often play in providing additional support to members of the black community who are dealing with mental illness.

“APA looks forward to disseminating widely this valuable resource to help reduce the stigma surrounding mental illness in the black community and to encourage treatment-seeking and a recovery-oriented approach to psychiatric care among African Americans with mental health needs,” said Annelle Primm, M.D., M.P.H., director of APA’s Office of Minority and National Affairs. 

“Mental Health: A Guide for African Americans and Their Families” is available via e-mail at apa@psych.org or by phone at (888) 357-7924. The guidebook and a video of the DVD content are also available for download on APA’s Web site atwww.psychiatry.org/practice/professional-interests/diversityomna/diversity-resources/----mental-health--a-guide-for-african-americans-and-their-families.

 Reposted at http:/www.darkestcloset.blogspot.com

http://psychnews.psychiatryonline.org/newsarticle.aspx?articleid=1130387

African-Americans Likely to Delay MH Treatment

At the age of 12, former NBA player Thabiti Boone witnessed his severely depressed mother attempt suicide when she jumped from a six-story building and landed at his feet.

“When she was jumping off the roof, I took in all of the depression that caused her to jump,” says Boone, describing the incident in a public service video sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. He said that although he felt as if everyone was waiting for him to “break down” mentally, no one sat down and talked with him about how he was feeling.

Too often, Boone’s experience is echoed in the African American community when it comes to talking about mental health. Mental illness is brushed under the carpet, ignored, or stigmatized. But a new campaign by SAMHSA is designed to raise awareness of mental health problems among young adults in the African American community hopes to get more people talking about the issue -- and ultimately getting the help they need.
The ads will encourage and educate young adults to step up and talk openly about mental health problems, and that they are not alone in their struggle. The television, radio, print, and Web ads feature real personal stories of African Americans dealing with mental health problems, and they aim to engage those in the community to support young adults who need help.

While 58.7% of Americans with serious mental illness received care in 2008, only 44.8% of mentally ill blacks received services, according to SAMHSA's 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. The prevalence of serious mental illness is highest among those age 18 to 25, but according to SAMHSA, those people are the least likely to receive services or counseling.

“African Americans are more likely to delay seeking treatment until their symptoms are more severe and are more likely to discontinue or stop treatment once it is started,” says Paolo Del Vecchio, associate director for SAMSHA’s office of Consumer Affairs, which offers resources and programs to address mental health.

There are a variety of mental health disorders ranging from depression and anxiety problems to phobias and more serious issues such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, says Annelle Primm, director of minority and national affairs at the American Psychiatric Association.

Symptoms of mental instability can include changes in mood, sleep activity, energy level, or appetite; an inability to remember, concentrate, or think; and delusions or hallucinations. But Primm says that having just one of those symptoms in a fleeting sort of way, doesn’t mean that someone has a mental illness. But when the symptoms are grouped together over a long period a time a person should seek help.

Although a lack of health insurance is one of many reasons mental health care is not sought in the black community, many neglect treatment because the stigma associated with it can cause shame and embarrassment. Also, the belief by some religions that mental health problems can be cured through prayer and faith is another reason why some people do not admit they aren’t well or seek professional help, says Del Vecchio.

So instead of getting the help they need, many people suffering from mental illness self-medicate with alcohol and illegal drugs.

"The disparities that African Americans experience in accessing mental health care can be overcome through increased awareness and education,” said Kathryn A. Power, director of SAMHSA’s Center for Mental Health Services. “Raising the African American community’s understanding and attention to these issues will provide greater opportunities for recovery from mental health problems.”

http://www.blackenterprise.com/2010/03/02/challenging-the-stigma-of-mental-illness/

Resources
-- The Stay Strong Foundation
-- National Alliance on Mental Health
-- The Black Mental Health Alliance
-- Mental Health America
-- Black Psychiatrists of America

Reprinted from STOMP Newsletter. www.cnsantistigmaprogram.org